Antônio Bispo dos Santos (1959–2023), popularly known as Nêgo Bispo, was an influential Brazilian philosopher, poet, and quilombola leader. Born in Piauí and shaped by the ancestral wisdom of the Quilombo Saco Curtume, he was the first in his family to achieve literacy. He took on the vital role of translating his people's profound oral traditions into the written word, actively resisting institutional erasure.

A central figure in land rights movements, Bispo served in key leadership positions for national quilombola organizations. His work is anchored in a powerful "counter-colonial" worldview that critiques Western colonization through an Afro-Indigenous lens. As a guest professor and prolific essayist, he cemented his legacy as one of Brazil's most essential thinkers on environmental preservation and ancestral resistance.